Oven ventilator



Nov. l5, 1927. 1,649,449

L. DANA OVEN VENTILATOR Filed DSC. l5, 1925 Patented Nov. 15, 1927.

UNITED 'STA Leraar TES f PATENT OFFICE.

LESLIE DANA, F ST. LOUIS, MSSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO CHARTER OAK STOVE c RANGE COMPANY, A CORPOBATEON OF MSSOURI.

OVEN vnN'rILAToR.

The present invention relates to oven ventilators and aims to improve generally such devices by providing a simple, reliable and eliicient automatic regulator suitable for maintaining a desired temperature condition within an oven.

Furthermore, the invention aims to provide means for manually adjusting the ventilator of an oven according to the conditions 1U desired to be maintained within it, combined with an automatic thermostat control for varying the adjustment as temperature conditions within the oven' are varied.

Further aims and advantages of the inven- 35 tion appear hereinafter in connection with the description of the embodiment of the invention selected for illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a rearelevation of an oven door 29 with my invention applied thereto, part of the lining thereof beingl broken away more clearly to show the ventilator adjusting and control mechanism;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sect-ional view, talren ventilator combined with an oven door;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the same, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, the' dotted lines showing the ventilator in open it position, and

Fig. L is a fragmei'itary front elevation of a portion of an oven door showing the ventilator.

In the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, an oven casing, herein illustrated as an oven door 10, is provided with an opening 11 forming a scat for a closure member 12, as for instance a damper, which is adjustable to varyv the size of the Opening between it and the door lOso as to Iregulate the amount of hot air permittedv to escape from the oven and outside air admitted to take its place. The oven door hasr preferably formed on the rear face thereof, a plurality of lugs 13, threaded to receive suitable fasteningelements, as for instance screws 111, for attaching a protecting and. ventilating lining member 16 to the rear of the oven door 10.

The lining member' 16 is formed with upper and lower rows of openings 17, providing passages for circulation of `air from the oven between the lining and the door, by permitting the ingress of cold air into the bottom and the egress of hot air from the on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, of my improvedY cool v top of the oven when the closure 12 is adjusted inwards away from its seat 11 in the door k10, and thereby Ventilating and cooling the oven'.

A guide bar 18 preferably is formed on or secured to the rear face of the closure l2, and has portions extending laterally beyond the closure for engagement over guide pins 19 carried by the inner rear face of the door 10, for guiding the closure in its movement toward and away from "thedoor 10 and preventing rotation of the closure about its a-Xis. i y I A th'ermostatic element 20, hereinillustrated as u bimetallic bar composed of a plurality of flat, iiexible, metallic strips having different coefficients of expansion, is secured at one endv to the door, preferably to a suitable lug 15, and, at the opposite end, directly engages the closure 12, or bar 18, to which it may be secured. The thermostat bar 2O constitutes aspring tension element for normally holding the closure 12 tightly against its seat 11 in the oven dpor 10; and

suitable means, as an adjusting screw 21,

may be provided to vary the tension of the bar and adjust it to start to open the closure at the temperature desired.

My invention further conten'iplates `*the provision of means for manually adjusting the position of the closure 12 with reference to its seat 11 accordingto the normal condition desired to be maintained within the oven, as for instance, for hot, medium and slowV cooking. According to the illustrated embodiment, a spindle 22 is journalled in the closure member 12 and has secured to its outerend a handle 23 and pointer 24. The inner end of the spindle carries a follower 25 adapted to ride Vupon the inclined faces of cam members 26, formed upon the rear face of the oven door 10 and preferably arranged circumferentially around the opening or closure seat 11. As shown in the drawings, two such cam members areA provided, on diametrically opposite sides of the opening 11, and thereirtremities of the follower 25 engage like portions of the cam surfaces, whereby to maintain the closure centrally disposed with respect to the center of the opening in any of its adjusted positions.

The front face of the closure12 preferably `bears suitable indicating indicia 27 to indicatek various temperature or cooking condilil tions desired to be maintained within the oven, as tor instance, Het, Med and Slow as shown in Fig. el. rlhe cam menibers 26 are preferably provided with notches 28 at symmetrically spaced points upon their inclined faces corresponding` with the positions of the indicia 2T, so designed that when the handle 23 is turned to move the pointer 24 to one o1c the indicia 27, the follower 25 will be turned to engage in the corresponding notches upon the inclined faces of the cam members 2G, and thereby move the clossure and its adjusting mechanism7 as a unit, inwardly against the tension or" the spring thermostat bar to open the damper and hold it securely in partly or fully opened position, as desired. Thus cold outside air may ent-er through the opening ll and thence through the lower row ol openings 17 in the lining 16, and simultaneously hot air may escape from the oven through the upper row of openings 17 and out through the opening 1l. rllhus a circulation of air is established in the oven tending to cool the oven proportionately to the size of the space between the closure l2 and its seat 11.

The opening thus .formed (scc dotted lines Fig. 3) between the closure l2 and the scat 11 is also adjustable automatically to control the amount oi circulation. Should the oven increase in temperature beyond that which is desired to be maintained1 the thermostat bar will be flexed inwardly, moving with it the closure l2, and thus increase the size ot the space between the closure and its seat ll and consequently the circulation of air. As the oven is thereafter cooled by reason of the increased circulation oi air through it, the thermostat bar tends to straighten out to return the closure to its original adjusted position.

Jidvantages of my improved oven ventilator and control reside in its adaptability to a large variety of heating ovens. It is elii-- cient in its operation and provides 'tor a ready adjustment ot the oven and an automatic control for maintaining the oven at the adjusted temperature condition. F urthermore, it is simple in construction, reliable in operation and not easily brolen or deranged. l

Obviously my invention is not restricted to the details ot construction shown or described.

I claim:

l. The combination of an oven door casing having a ventilating opening therein. closure means tor controlling the circulation ot air through said opening and oven. manuallyactuated means accessible trom theexterior for positioning the closure means with reference to said opening according to the temperature desired to be maintained withvarvino the position ot the closure means from its originally adjusted position according to deviations oi temperature conditions within the oven from the condition desired to be maintained.

2. rI he combination oit an oven door casing having a Ventilating opening communicating with said oven, closure means movably mounted for cooperation with said opening and adapted to regulate the circulation of air therethrough` manually actuated means aocessible from the exterior tor adjusting the position ot said closure means with reference to said opening, according to the temperature desired to be maintained within the oven, and temperature responsive means for automatically moving said closure means relatively to said opening to vary the circulation ot air to cool the oven7 responding to temperature changes within the oven in ei:- cess oi? the condition desired to be maintained therein.

3. rllhe combination ot an oven door casing having a ventilating opening therein, and enclosing a space communicating with said oven, closure means mounted for movement relatively to said opening" and adapted to regulate the circulation or air therethrough, manually actuated means accessible from thc exterior for adjusting the position ot said closure means toward or trom said opening, according to the temperature desired to be maintained within the oven, and temperature responsive means for automatically moving` said 'closure means away from the opening and from its normally adjusted position` to increase the circulation ot air to cool the oven, responding to temperature changes within the oven in esce-ss ot the condition desired to be maintained therein.

4. The combination or" an oven door casing having a ventilating opening therein communicating with said oven, closure means mounted i'or movements to close or open said openings tothe outside air, manually actuatedmeans accessible trom the eirterior for positioningV said closure nieansto close said opening or to be spaced there-trom according to the temperature condition dcsired to be maintainer within vthe oven7 and temperature controlled means for automatically moving said closure member away trom its adjusted position proportionately to the change in temperature conditions within the oven in excess ot the condition desired to be maintained, whereby to increase the circulation ot air through the openingY to cool the oven to the desired temperature condition.

5. rEhe combination et oven door casing having ventilating openingr therein, and n'iunicating with said. roven, closure means mounted for movememv relatively to said opening` and adapted to regulate the circulation of air therethrough, manually actuated means accessible from the exterior T il for adjusting the position of said closure means toward or from 'said opening, according to the temperature desired to be maintained within the oven, and temperature controlled means for automatically moving said closure means away from the opening and from its normally adjusted position, tol increasethe circulation of airto cool the oven, according to temperature changes within the oven in excess of the condition desired to be maintained therein, said temperature controlled means being operative automatically to return said closure means to its original adjusted position` as the temperature of the oven approaches the condition desired to be maintained in the oven'.

6. The combination of an ovendoor casing having an opening, a closure therefor, said opening and closure constituting a passage for the circulat'ionvofv air through the oven, variable at the will of the operator, means accessible from the exterior for varying the sizeof the passage, according` to temperature condition desired to be maintained in the oven, and temperature responsive means for automatically varying the size of the passage according to variations in the temperature condition of the oven from the desired oven temperature, thereby to maintain the temperature condition of the oven approximately at the desired temperature. Y

7. The combination of an oven door having an opening, aclosure therefor, said opening and closure constituting a passage for the circulation of air variab'leat the will of the operatori, an ovenl door lining carriedby said door and provided with lv "entilating openings therein, manually controlled. means accessible from the exterior for varyingthe size of said passageway for proportionately varying the circulation of air through the oven according to the temperature condition desired to be `maintainedin the oven, and temperature controlled means forautomatically varying the size of the passage proportionately to the variations in temperature from the desired temperature of the oven.

8. The combination of an oven door having an opening therein, closure means for said opening, cam means formed on the inner face of said door near said opening, and manually operative means journalled in said closure means including a handle and a cam follower, said follower being in contact with said cam members, the arrangement being such that rotation of the handle and follower causes said follower to ride upon said cam and move the closure members away from the opening.

9. The combination of an oven door having a Ventilating opening therein constituting a seat for a damper, a damper for said opening, cam means having an inclined face on the rear face of said door adjacent said i opening, and a manually adjustable cam follower journalled in said damper adapted to b'e rotated so that as the follower rides upon the inclined face of the cam, the damper will be proportionately spaced from sai-d opening. e

n 10. The combination of an oven door having an opening therein forminga seat for a damper, a damper mounted for'cooperation with said seat, said damper and seat constituting a variable passage for theV circulation of air to and from the oven, means under the control of the operator for varying the size of the passage according to the temperature condition desired to be maintained in the oven, said means including cam members having inclined faces on kthe rear facevof the door, and a cam follower rotatably journalled in said damper adapted t'o engage the Vinclined faces of said cam members therebyy to move the damper toward and away from its seat. Y

11. The combination of an oven door havingan opening therein forming a seat 'for a' damper, a damper yieldingly mounted for cooperation with said seat, said damper and l seatconstituting a variable passage for the circulation of air to and from the oven, means under the control of the operator for varying the size of the passage according to the temperature condition desired to be maintained in the oven, said means including cam members having inclined faces on the rear face of the door, and a cam follower rotatably journalled in said damper adapted to engage the inclined faces of said cam members thereby lto move the damper toward and away from its seat. Y

12. The combination of an oven door having an opening therein forming a seat for'ra damper, a damper mounted for cooperationV with said seat, and constituting with` said seat', a variable passage for the circulation ofy airtov and from the oven, mean's'for' supporting and yieldingly urging the damper againsty its seat, means under the control ofthe operatorA for varying the size of the 'passage according to the temperature condition desired to be maintained in the oven, said means including cam members having inclined faces on the rear face of the door, and a cam follower rotatably journalled in said damper adapted to engage the inclined faces of said cam members thereby to move the damper toward and away from its seat.

13. The combination of an oven door having an opening therein forming a seat for a damper, a dampermounted for cooperation with said'seat, and constituting with said seat a variable passage for the circulation of air to and from the oven, a thermostatbar composed of a. plurality of metallic strips having different coefficients of expansion for supporting and yieldingly urging the damper against its seat, means Cil under the control of the operator for varying the size of the passage according to the temperature condition desired to be maintained in the over, said means including cam members having inclined faces on the rear face of the door, and a cam follower rotatably journalled vin said damper adapted to engage the inclined faces of said cam members thereby to move the damper toward and away from its seat.

lll. The combination of an oven door having an opening therein forming a seat for a damper, a damper mounted for cooperation with said seat,` and constituting with said seat a variable passage foi` the crculation of air to and from the oven, the front face ofsaid damper bearino suitable indicia, means for supporting and yieldingly urging the damper against its seat, means under the control of the operator for varying the size of the passage according to the temperature condition desired to be maintained in the oven, Ysaid means including cam members having inclined faces onv the rear face of the door, and a cam follower and pointer rotatably ljournalled in said damper, and connected for movement Ain unison, the follower? being adapted to engage the inclined faces of the cam members, and the pointer being adapted to be moved across the front face of said damper selectively in line with one of the indicia, the arrangement being such that movement of the follower upon the faces of the cam members, corresponding to the movement of the pointer, moves the damper proportionately away from its seat thereby to regulate the circulation through the oven.

l5. The combination of an oven casing having a Ventilatingopening therein, closure meansfor cont-rolling the circulation of air through said opening and oven, manually actuated means accessible from the exterior for positioning the closure means with reference to said opening according to the temperature desired to be maintained within the oven, said means preventing closing of said opening but permitting further opening thereof, and means for automatically varying the position of the closure means from s,

its originally adjusted position according to deviations of temperature conditionsl within the oven from the condition desired te be maintained.'

16. The combination of an oven casing f2- having a. ventilating opening communicating with said oven, closure means movably mounted for cooperation with said opening and adapted'to regulate the circulation of air therethrough, manually actuated means accessible from the exterior-for adjusting the position of said closure means with reference to said opening, accordingl to the temperature desired to be maintained within the oven`v said means preventing closing of said il opening but permitting further opening thereof, and temperature responsive means for automatically moving said closure means relatively to said opening to vary the circulation of air to cool the oven, responding i away from said-opening, cam means formed on the inner face of said Vdoor near said opening, and manually operative means Journalled in said closure means includinga handle and a cam follower, said follower L being in contact with said cam members. the arrangement being such that rotation of the handleand follower causes said follower to ride upon said lcam and move the closure membersL away from the opening.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this speciiication-` LESLIE DANA. 

